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我十分荣幸地接受中国数学会的邀請,向諸位作一个报告。据我了解,今天这里的听众的主要兴趣在于教学。为了准备这篇报告,我努力寻找一个深浅适度而又在任何书籍中找不到的課題作为本报告的內容。如果我在这方面估計有錯的話,則請大家原諒。在进入报告的正題以前,請允許我先向諸位介紹一下澳大利亚以及西方国家中存在于中小学数学教学方面的一些趋向,你們可能想了解这些情况。 (1)小学阶段。对象是年龄从五、六岁至八、九岁的儿童。在教育方法上进行了积极的研究,目的是使儿童真正懂得算术与初等代数的意义,避免死背他們所不懂的条条。借助于具体教育法,特别是依靠了法国基賽奈先生(Monsieur Cuisenaire)創造的“数杆”的帮助,在这方面取得了很大成功。所謂“数杆”是长度与1至10的数目成比例的杆子,它們各有特征顏色。相关的数,例如2,4,8,有相近的顏色。通过玩数杆游戏,儿童們学会了加法乃至各种更为复杂的概念,諸如分数与比例。 (2) 中学阶段。作了許多关于修改課本的討論与教育实驗,目的是改变那种传統的讲授代数式的教育方法,使課本內容更紧密地与实际生活以及現代数学
I am very honored to accept the invitation of the Chinese Mathematical Society and make a report to you. As far as I know, the main interest of the audience here today lies in teaching. In preparation for this report, I endeavored to find a subject of modest depth but not found in any book as the content of this report. If I am wrong in this regard, please forgive me. Before entering the topic of the report, allow me to introduce to you some of the trends in mathematics teaching in primary and secondary schools in Australia and Western countries. You may want to understand these situations. (1) Primary school stage. The target audience is children aged five to six to eight or nine years old. Active research has been conducted on educational methods to make children truly understand the meaning of arithmetic and elementary algebra and avoid tying back rules they do not understand. Thanks to the concrete education law, and especially the help of the “digital bar” created by Monsieur Cuisenaire, France has achieved great success in this area. The so-called “number bar” is a bar with a length proportional to the number of 1 to 10, each having a characteristic color. Related numbers, such as 2, 4, 8 have similar colors. By playing digital games, children learn additions and even more complex concepts such as scores and proportions. (2) Secondary school. Made many discussions and educational experiments on the revision of textbooks. The purpose was to change the traditional teaching method of algebraic teaching so that the contents of textbooks are more closely related to real life and modern mathematics.