小麦优异种质资源是培育小麦优良品种的物质基础。1981年以来,我们从全国各地收集到具有优异性状的小麦种质资源(包括部分国外资源)1,396份。它们大部分是七十年代后期和八十年代选育的新品系(种),分别具有单一优异性状或兼有两种或两种以突出上优点,是较好的亲本材料。四年来对所收集到的资源在北京设圃,分类集中种植,并对其农艺性状、抗病性、成熟期、株高和籽粒性状等进行了田间观察、室内考种及蛋白质和赖氨酸测定。从中筛选出一批在来源地表现好,在北京也表现优异的资源,并对其具有突出性状的资源进一步进行了遗传评价。 Wheat germplasm resources is to cultivate good varieties of wheat material base. Since 1981, 1,396 wheat germplasm resources (including some foreign resources) have been collected from all over the country with excellent traits. Most of them are new lines (or species) bred in the late seventies and eighties. They are better parents with single excellent traits or with two or two of them, respectively. In the past four years, the collected resources were set up in Beijing and were collected in a centralized manner. Field observation, indoor test, and protein and lysine were conducted on their agronomic traits, disease resistance, maturity, plant height and grain traits. Determination. A number of resources that have performed well in provenance and excellent in Beijing have also been screened out and their genetic resources have been further evaluated for their outstanding traits.