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十多年来,政府对国有企业采取了许多改革措施,包括放权让利、扩权承包、财税倾斜、资金倾注、政策扶持、搞活力保、转换机制等,成效是巨大的,但产生的问题也是很严重的。比如,国有企业经济效益普遍低下,亏损面从1988年的11％速升到1992年的52％,亏损额陡升到2500多亿元;经济运行一直呈现为高投资驱动速度效益型态势;经济结构调整步履维艰。 对于国有企业究竟如何改革和经营,中央多次强调仍须继续坚持和完善承包经营责任制,而理论界和企业界现在普遍看好股份制,认为股份制是转
For more than a decade, the government has adopted many reform measures for state-owned enterprises, including decentralization of rights and interests, expansion of power contracts, tilting of fiscal and taxation, capital injection, policy support, vitality insurance, and conversion mechanisms. The results are enormous, but the problems that arise are also Very serious. For example, the economic efficiency of state-owned enterprises is generally low, with the rate of loss rising from 11% in 1988 to 52% in 1992, and the amount of losses has soared to more than 250 billion yuan; economic operation has always been characterized by high investment-driven speed and efficiency; Structural adjustment is struggling. With regard to how state-owned enterprises reform and operate, the Central Government has repeatedly stressed that it is still necessary to continue to uphold and improve the responsibility system for contracted management, while theoretical and business circles are now generally optimistic about the joint-stock system, considering that the joint-stock system is