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目的:分析地塞米松临床应用不良反应的特点及一般规律,指导临床合理用药。方法:通过维普、中国期刊数据库检索国内2009年1月~2014年1月的学术期刊中,关于地塞米松临床应用不良反应的文献,搜集248例资料完整的应用地塞米松引起不良反应的病例,对其一般资料、临床表现进行回顾性分析。结果:地塞米松不良反应可累及全身各个系统,临床表现多样,呃逆、过敏性休克、精神异常所占比例较高,分别为12.9%(32/248)、16.3%(41/248)、9.7%(24/248)。146例患者在首次用药出现不良反应,占58.9%。本组患者除2例死亡外,其余246例均转归良好。结论:地塞米松不良反应多种多样,临床上应引起高度重视,尤其是过敏性休克,做到早预防、早发现、早治疗,以免引发严重后果。
Objective: To analyze the characteristics and general rules of adverse reactions of dexamethasone in clinical application and to guide clinical rational use of drugs. Methods: A total of 248 cases of adverse reactions caused by dexamethasone were collected in the academic journals from January 2009 to January 2014 in China from the database of Vip and Chinese Periodicals. The data of adverse reactions in clinical application of dexamethasone were collected. , Its general information, clinical performance of a retrospective analysis. Results: Adverse reactions of dexamethasone could affect various systems of the whole body. The clinical manifestations were diverse, hiccup, anaphylactic shock and mental disorders accounted for 12.9% (32/248), 16.3% (41/248), 9.7 % (24/248). 146 patients in the first adverse drug reactions, accounting for 58.9%. In addition to 2 patients died in this group, the other 246 cases were good. Conclusion: A great variety of adverse reactions of dexamethasone should be paid great attention in clinical practice, especially for anaphylactic shock. Early prevention, early detection and early treatment should be avoided to cause serious consequences.