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为评价火焰山地区土壤环境现状,并了解环境因子对土壤微生物数量和细菌群落结构的影响,测定了土壤理化性质和4种典型土壤酶活性,结合传统分离培养计数所得微生物数量进行主成分分析(Principal Component Analysis,PCA)和相关性研究,运用变性梯度凝胶电泳(Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis,DGGE)技术结合冗余分析(Redundance Analysis,RDA)解析影响细菌群落结构的关键因子.结果表明:(1)火焰山地区土壤肥力状况较差,主要特点为含水率低、养分贫瘠和盐碱化严重,其中盐分含量是限制土壤肥力水平的关键因素,脱氢酶活性可作为快速评价火焰山土壤肥力的重要指标,多酚氧化酶活性最能代表火焰山土壤系统内的肥力变异状况;(2)火焰山土壤微生物数量处于较低水平,细菌为绝对优势菌群(占98.13%),土壤水分是决定微生物数量的关键因子,但盐分含量与微生物数量的相关性不明显;(3)环境因子与土壤细菌群落多样性和结构分布的相关性密切,全氮含量和土壤水分是影响细菌群落多样性的关键因子,各环境因子对不同细菌群落的影响迥异,其共同作用决定了火焰山地区细菌群落结构分布.
In order to evaluate the status of soil environment in Huoyan Mountain area and understand the influence of environmental factors on soil microbial population and bacterial community structure, the soil physical and chemical properties and four typical soil enzyme activities were determined. The principal component analysis (PCA) Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis were used to analyze the key factors influencing bacterial community structure using Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) and Redundancy Analysis (RDA) ). The soil fertility in Huoyan Mountain region is poor. The main features are low water cut, poor nutrition and serious salinization. The salinity content is the key factor to limit soil fertility, and the activity of dehydrogenase can be used as a quick assessment of soil fertility in Huoyunshan (2) The quantity of soil microorganism in Huoyan Mountain was at a low level, and the bacteria was the absolute superior flora (accounting for 98.13%). Soil water content was the key factor to determine the activity of polyphenol oxidase The key factor of microbial quantity, but the correlation between salt content and the number of microorganisms is not obvious; ( 3) The correlation between environmental factors and soil bacterial community diversity and structure distribution is close. Total nitrogen and soil moisture are the key factors affecting the diversity of bacterial communities. The environmental factors have different effects on different bacterial communities, and their interaction determines Bacterial Community Structure Distribution in Huoyan Mountain.