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目的了解新生儿重症监护病房医院感染相关因素,探讨有效的管理、预防控制措施。方法利用回顾性调查方法,对2005—2007年发生医院感染的98例新生儿进行分析。结果医院感染率8.70%,例次感染率9.95%,医院感染部位前三位依次是呼吸系统、皮肤、口腔,分别占54.46%、12.50%,10.71%;住院时间≥7d较<7d发生医院感染明显增高(P<0.01),早产儿较足月儿更易发生医院感染(P<0.01),二者差异均有统计学意义,医院感染与新生儿性别无关(P>0.05)。结论应将新生儿重症监护病房定为医院感染目标监测的重点科室,强化医护人员的医院感染预防控制意识,加强监护管理,提高医护质量,缩短病程。加强围生期保健,防止早产对预防医院感染的发生至关重要。
Objective To understand the factors related to nosocomial infection in neonatal intensive care unit and to explore effective management and prevention and control measures. Methods A retrospective survey method was used to analyze 98 newborns with nosocomial infection in 2005-2007. Results The nosocomial infection rate was 8.70% and the infection rate was 9.95%. The top three nosocomial infection sites were respiratory system, skin and oral cavity, accounting for 54.46%, 12.50% and 10.71% respectively. The nosocomial infection occurred more than 7 days (P <0.01). Premature infants were more likely to have nosocomial infection than full infants (P <0.01). There was a significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). There was no significant correlation between nosocomial infection and neonatal sex (P> 0.05). Conclusions Neonatal intensive care unit should be designated as the key department of hospital infection target monitoring, strengthen awareness of prevention and control of nosocomial infection among medical staff, strengthen supervision management, improve quality of medical care and shorten the course of disease. Strengthening perinatal care to prevent premature delivery is essential to prevent the occurrence of nosocomial infections.