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进化伦理学把道德看作是进化的产物。进化思维在解释道德现象时有三个不同程度的涉入,这个区分是依据自然选择在塑造道德过程中所扮演的角色而言的。根据一种最弱级别的进化涉入,道德像艺术和科学一样,只是自然选择的间接产物,不受制于机体的生物性;而根据一种最强级别的进化涉入,道德完全是自然选择的直接产物,根植于机体的生物性中。这两个级别的进化涉入不能提供对道德的理想解释,一个恰当级别的进化涉入应该在这两个极端之间。
Evolutionary ethics regards morality as the product of evolution. Evolutionary thinking involves three different levels of interpretation in explaining moral phenomena. This distinction is based on the role of natural selection in shaping morality. According to one of the weakest levels of evolutionary involvement, morality, like art and science, is but an indirect product of natural selection that is not subject to the biological existence of the organism; morality is completely natural under the strongest level of evolutionary involvement The direct product, rooted in the biological body. These two levels of evolutionary involvement can not provide an ideal explanation of morality, and an appropriate level of evolutionary involvement should lie between these two extremes.