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四、特种建筑物出于使用功能的需要,许多建筑物要求有开阔的、没有柱子的空间。例如教堂、剧场、圆形竞技场和体育馆需要长达800英尺(244米)的跨间。许多种结构体系可以满足这一要求,包括桁架结构、拱、穹顶(圆屋顶)和薄壳结构。大跨度桁架钢桁架可以用在几百英尺长的大跨度房屋上。桁架最大的缺点在于桁架本身占据了巨大的空间。因为桁架的高度约为跨度的十分之一,所以长200英尺(61米)的桁架,其高度就有20英尺(6.1米)。这样,桁架的高度就使原屋面高度增加了20英尺,
Fourth, special buildings require the use of functions, many buildings require open space without pillars. For example, churches, theaters, amphitheaters, and stadiums require a span of 800 feet (244 meters). Many kinds of structural systems can meet this requirement, including truss structures, arches, domes (domes) and thin shell structures. Long-span trussed steel trusses can be used in large-span houses that are hundreds of feet long. The biggest drawback of trusses is that the truss itself takes up a lot of space. Because the height of the truss is about one-tenth of the span, the 200-foot (61-meter) truss is 20 feet (6.1 meters) high. In this way, the height of the truss increases the original roof height by 20 feet.