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由于设备条件的限制,在进行结冰风洞试验时,试验Weber数与目标Weber数往往存在差异,为了获得与目标Weber数对应的冰形,需要对试验结果进行修正。本文分析了进行Weber数修正的原因,提出了根据几何特征量进行结冰外形修正的方法,并以某超临界翼型为对象,对不同Weber条件下的结冰外形进行了仿真,研究了Weber数变化对结冰的影响规律,在此基础上开展了基于等Weber数的结冰外形修正。研究发现:(1)Weber数主要影响冰角特征,对水滴收集特性、结冰极限及驻点冰厚度影响较小;(2)存在一个敏感Weber数,低于敏感值时,Weber数变化对结冰影响不大,当Weber数高于敏感值时,Weber数变化对结冰有明显影响;(3)采用本文提出的冰形修正方法,能保证冰形的宏观轮廓与目标冰形一致,修正后的冰形能适量消除由于Weber数误差导致的冰形差异,提高试验的精度。
Due to equipment limitations, there are often differences between the experimental Weber number and the target Weber number in the icing wind tunnel test. To obtain the ice shape corresponding to the target Weber number, the test results need to be corrected. This paper analyzes the reasons for the Weber number correction, and proposes a method of correcting the icing profile according to the geometric feature quantity. The ice shape under different Weber conditions is simulated with a supercritical airfoil, and the Weber Number of changes on the law of icing, on the basis of such Weber-based icing contour correction. The results show that: (1) The Weber number mainly affects the ice-angle characteristics, and has little influence on the collection characteristics of ice droplets, the icing limit and the ice thickness. (2) There is a sensitive Weber number. When the value is lower than the sensitive value, When the Weber number is higher than the sensitive value, the change of Weber number has a significant effect on icing. (3) The ice-shape correction method proposed in this paper can ensure that the ice-like macro outline is consistent with the target ice shape, The modified ice shape can properly eliminate the ice-shape difference caused by the error of Weber number and improve the precision of the test.