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城市化在促进少数民族地区经济发展的同时,也给少数民族语言文字的发展带来一定程度的冲击。在这一进程中,少数民族语言活力往往呈现下降趋势。本研究以居住在新疆巴州库尔勒市、和静县的蒙古族为个案,采用问卷调查为主,辅以访谈的方式,探讨了城市化对巴音郭楞蒙古自治州蒙古族语言使用和语言态度所产生的影响,以及产生影响的原因。调查结果显示,被试双语水平普遍较高,但蒙古语读写能力正在下降,蒙古语的使用范围也在缩小。被试普遍认为必须学好国家通用语,对是否学好蒙古语则存在明显的内部分歧。主要原因在于城市化使得被试的社会网络关系发生了巨大变化,客观上促使对国家通用语学习需求的增加,而对民族语的发展,从个人、家庭、学校和大众传媒的语言使用来看,都未引起足够的重视。
Urbanization, while promoting economic development in ethnic minority areas, has also brought a certain degree of impact on the development of ethnic minority languages. In this process, minority language vitality tends to show a downward trend. In this study, a case study of Mongolians living in Korla, Hejing County, Bazhou of Xinjiang Autonomous Region was conducted with questionnaires and interviews. The study discussed the Mongolian language usage and language attitude of Bayinguoleng Mongolia Autonomous Prefecture The impact of the impact, as well as the reasons for the impact. The results of the survey showed that participants generally had higher bilingual levels, but Mongolian literacy skills were declining and the use of Mongolian language was narrowing. The participants generally agreed that they must learn the national lingua franca and that there is a clear internal disagreement about whether or not to learn Mongolian. The main reason is that urbanization made great changes in the social network relations of the participants, and objectively promoted the increase of the demand for national general language learning. For the development of national languages, from the perspectives of individuals, families, schools and mass media, , Have not caused enough attention.