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基因自由组合定律研究的是控制两对相对性状的非同源染色体上的非等位基因之间的关系。实质是位于非同源染色体上的非等位基因的分离或组合互不干扰的。在减数分裂形成配子的过程中,同源染色体上的等位基因彼此分离,同时非同源染色体上的非等位基因自由组合。近几年的高考中,考查自由组合定律的试题屡见不鲜,命题人往往围绕这几个问题来命题:有关配子的计算问题、有关基因型的计算问题、有关表现型的计算问题、子代对亲代的推断问题,考查方式也是多种多样。
The principle of free combination of genes is to study the relationship between non-alleles on non-homologous chromosomes controlling two pairs of relative traits. In essence, non-homologous chromosomes on the non-allelic separation or combination of non-interference. During meiosis to form gametes, alleles on homologous chromosomes are separated from one another, while non-allelic non-homologous chromosomes are freely combined. In recent years, college entrance examination, examining the law of free combination of the test is not uncommon, the proposition is often around these issues to proposition: the calculation of gametes, the calculation of genotypes, the calculation of phenotype, offspring of the parents Inferred problems, test methods are varied.