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针对传统的PID控制在温控系统的应用中存在调节时间较长和超调量较大的问题,本文利用实际温度与设定温度的偏差和偏差的变化率来动态调整控制参数,并设计了一套基于PID控制的半导体激光器温度控制系统。首先,介绍了系统的总体结构,采用单片机、高精度热敏电阻和TEC半导体制冷器作为系统的处理器、温度敏感器和温控的执行器件;然后,建立了温控系统的数学模型,对传统的PID控制算法进行了改进;最后,利用仿真实验和系统实验对其进行验证,并与传统的PID控制算法进行了定性和定量的比较。实验结果表明,改进的PID控制算法缩短了调节时间,超调量减小了90%,控制精度达到±0.05℃,控制效果明显优于传统的PID控制系统。
For the traditional PID control in the application of temperature control system, there is a long adjustment time and large overshoot problems, this paper uses the actual temperature and set the temperature deviation and the rate of change to dynamically adjust the control parameters and design A set of temperature control system based on PID control for semiconductor laser. First of all, the overall structure of the system is introduced. Single-chip microcomputer, high-precision thermistor and TEC semiconductor cooler are used as the system processor, temperature sensor and temperature control device. Then, the mathematical model of temperature control system is established. The traditional PID control algorithm is improved. Finally, it is verified by simulation experiments and system experiments, and compared with the traditional PID control algorithm qualitatively and quantitatively. The experimental results show that the improved PID control algorithm can shorten the adjustment time, reduce the overshoot by 90%, and control accuracy to ± 0.05 ℃. The control effect is obviously better than the traditional PID control system.