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土壤侵蚀是三峡库区的主要生态环境问题，造成环境质量下降，生态系统输出能力低下，制约了该区农村经济的发展。１９８９年开展的三峡库区水土流失重点防治工程，以小流域为单元实施综合防治，５ａ来一期工程完成治理水土流失面积３５９４．４４ｋｍ２，工程区的环境质量得到明显改善，人民生活水平提高，开发了潜在的环境人口容量。
Soil erosion is a major ecological and environmental problem in the Three Gorges reservoir area, resulting in the decline of environmental quality and the low output capacity of ecosystem, which restrict the development of rural economy in this area. In 1989, the Three Gorges reservoir area key water and soil loss prevention and control projects were implemented with small watershed as a unit to implement comprehensive prevention and treatment. In the first phase of project 5a, the area of water and soil erosion was 3594.44km2, the environmental quality in the project area was significantly improved, the living standards of the people improved, Developed a potential environmental population capacity.