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门捷列夫所预言的尚未发现的元素(锗、镓、钪)性质得到了证实。使化学家对寻找新元素发生了广泛的兴趣,这些新元素应该填满周期表上的空位。但是惰性气体一族元素的发现是完全出人意料的。门捷列夫预见到氢与锂之间有一个元素存在,但他没有能够预见到一族元素。惰性气体中最先被发现的是氩。1882年J·瑞利想要证实谱劳特的假说,着手测定氢和氧的密度以便证实或否定它们的原子量(1:16)。经过十年后他宣布,氢和氧的原子量比实际上是1:15.882。瑞利还测定了氮的密度,结果
The nature of the undiscovered elements (锗, 镓, 钪 预) predicted by Mendeleev was confirmed. The chemists have a broad interest in finding new elements. These new elements should fill gaps in the periodic table. However, the discovery of inert gas family elements is completely unexpected. Mendeleev foresees the presence of an element between hydrogen and lithium, but he failed to foresee a family of elements. The first of the inert gases was found to be argon. In 1882, J. Rayleigh wanted to prove the hypothesis of Spectra’s hypothesis and set about determining the density of hydrogen and oxygen in order to confirm or negate their atomic weight (1:16). After ten years, he announced that the atomic weight ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is actually 1:15.882. Rayleigh also measured the density of nitrogen, the result