玻璃体劈裂 (vitreoschisis)是指玻璃体后皮质裂开所形成的一种形态学改变。它多伴发于玻璃体后脱离 (posterior vitreous detachment ,PVD) ,常发生于增生性糖尿病视网膜病变 (proliferativediabetic retinopathy,PDR)等视网膜血管性疾病 ,发生机制目前尚未明确。近年来的研究发现 ,玻璃体劈裂的辨认对于玻璃体切割手术的开展和预后影响有重要意义。现就玻璃体劈裂的病因、发生机制、诊断和临床意义作一介绍。 Vitreoschisis is a morphological change caused by the cleavage of the posterior cortex of the vitreous. It often accompanies posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and often occurs in retinal vascular diseases such as proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). The pathogenesis is not yet clear. In recent years, the study found that the identification of vitrectomy for the vitrectomy and prognosis of vitrectomy is of great significance. Now on the etiology of vitreous split, mechanism of occurrence, diagnosis and clinical significance of an introduction.