情感是亚当·斯密解决道德问题的万能钥匙及其伦理学出发点,德性则是其伦理思想的归宿。斯密晚年集中研究德性,同时辅以早期的同情共感、合宜性等原理,构建了以情感自制为主的完美德性论。他的德性论是一个与时俱进的动态形成过程,有着鲜明的特点,在内容、作用、评价标准以及与财富、幸福等关系上都展现出了不同于前人的独特见解。 Emotion is the master key of Adam Smith to solve moral problems and the starting point of his ethics. Virtue is the end of his ethical thought. In his later years, Smith focused on the study of morality, supplemented by the early principles of sympathy and appropriateness, and constructed the theory of perfect virtue based on emotional self-control. His theory of virtue is a dynamic process of advancing with the times. It has distinctive characteristics and shows unique opinions different from his predecessors in terms of content, function, evaluation criteria, and wealth and happiness.