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20世纪90年代以来,随着资本深化,资本密集型重工业比劳动密集型轻工业以更快的速度发展,经济增长更依赖于资本投入,要素分配也向资本倾斜。与此同时,劳动收入份额逐渐下降,增长对就业的创造逐渐降低。而劳动收入份额过低导致消费率下降,消费对增长的拉动作用降低。本文提出通过降低垄断行业的进入壁垒以及民营企业的融资壁垒,促进劳动密集型行业发展,在增长中保持就业创造,逐步提高劳动收入份额。
Since the 1990s, as capital has deepened, capital-intensive heavy industries have developed at a faster rate than labor-intensive light industries. Economic growth has become more dependent on capital investment and factor distribution has also been tilted toward capital. At the same time, the share of labor income has been gradually declining, and the growth has gradually reduced the creation of employment. However, the low labor income share leads to a decline in the consumption rate and a reduction in the pulling effect of consumption on growth. This paper proposes to promote the development of labor-intensive industries, reduce employment barriers to entry, and gradually increase the share of labor income by reducing barriers to entry to monopoly industries and financing barriers for private enterprises.