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堆肥是处理农业废弃物最适宜的技术之一,但堆肥产生的有害和温室气体排放导致环境污染问题.本研究以生猪养殖发酵床废弃垫料及菌渣为原料,利用强制通风静态堆肥技术研究垫料和菌渣不同配比及添加EM菌剂对堆肥过程温室气体排放和微生物区系的影响.结果表明,不同堆肥处理温室气体排放通量以堆肥前20 d较大,堆肥中后期降低;微生物总量和种类在不同堆肥处理间没有发生显著性变化;CO_2和N_2O排放速率与细菌、真菌和甲烷氧化菌间具有显著的正相关关系.整个堆肥期间,以菌渣为主料并添加EM菌剂的堆肥处理温室气体减排效果最佳,相对其他3个处理温室气体减排0.7%~10.2%.由此认为,以菌渣为主料和通过添加EM菌剂的堆肥方式可以作为降低菌渣-发酵床废弃垫料堆肥过程温室气体排放的策略.
Composting is one of the most suitable technologies to dispose of agricultural wastes, but the harmfulness of composting and the emission of greenhouse gases lead to environmental pollution.In this study, the waste mat and sludge from pig breeding bed as raw materials, static compost The results showed that the emission fluxes of greenhouse gases from different composting treatments were larger in the first 20 days before compost and later in the composting period than in the composting stage. There was no significant change in the total amount and the type of compost treatment between different composting treatments.The CO 2 and N 2 O emission rates had a significant positive correlation with bacteria, fungi and methanotrophic bacteria.During the composting period, Compared with the other three treatments, the emission reduction of greenhouse gases by 0.7% ~ 10.2% was achieved by the compost treatment with composting agent, and the composting with bacteria residue as the main material and the addition of EM agent could reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, Strategy of Greenhouse Gas Emission in Waste - Ferment Bed Waste Litter Composting Process.