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目的分析安徽省濉溪县2004～2009年肺结核的流行特征,提出控制措施。方法采用描述流行病学方法,用Excel2003对肺结核病疫情数据进行整理统计分析。结果濉溪县2004～2009年共报告肺结核5891例,年均报告发病率为82.45/10万;2004年发病率最低为51.99/10万;2005年发病率最高为122.47/10万,随后逐年下降。死亡25例,年均死亡率为0.35/10万。发病时间主要集中在3～6月份,占发病总数的43.63%;发病地区主要集中在濉溪县北部3个乡镇,占发病总数的34.97%;男女发病之比为2.31:1(2χ=809.22,P(0.01);发病年龄以55～79岁年龄组较多,占发病总数的43.69%,其次为15～44岁的青壮年;发病职业以农民为主,占发病总数的87.47%,其次为学生。结论防控形势依然严峻;农民、男性、老年人、青壮年是肺结核防治工作的重点对象;持续规范实施现代肺结核控制策略,高发现和高治愈病人,新生儿卡介苗接种是控制肺结核的关键。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Suixi County, Anhui Province from 2004 to 2009 and put forward control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of tuberculosis outbreaks by Excel2003. Results A total of 5891 cases of tuberculosis were reported in Suixi from 2004 to 2009, with an average annual incidence of 82.45 / 100 000; the lowest incidence in 2004 was 51.99 / 100 000; the highest incidence in 2005 was 122.47 / 100 000 and then decreased year by year. 25 cases died, the average annual death rate was 0.35 / 100000. The onset time was mainly in March to June, accounting for 43.63% of the total. The incidence areas were mainly concentrated in 3 towns in the northern part of Suixi County, accounting for 34.97% of the total. The incidence of males and females was 2.31: 1 (2χ = 809.22, P (0.01). The age of onset was 55-59 years old, accounting for 43.69% of the total, followed by young adults aged 15-44 years old. The main occupational diseases were peasants, accounting for 87.47% of the total, followed by students .Conclusion Prevention and control of the situation is still grim; farmers, men, the elderly, young adults are the focus of tuberculosis prevention and control work; continue to regulate the implementation of modern tuberculosis control strategies, high detection and high cure patients, neonatal BCG vaccination is the key to control tuberculosis.