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利用过时的中低压凝汽式汽轮机在冬季改为供热机组运行(包括打孔抽汽和低真空运行等方式)实行集中供热是节能和减轻城市大气污染的有效措施。在国外,苏联和美国也一致认为在有条件的情况下,改造冷凝式为供热机组是较经济的方法。苏联从1958年以来已将350台左右10万瓩以下的凝汽机改为供热机组。我国从1971年开始,长春第一汽车厂就把31—12机组在每年冬季低真空运行供热,已积累了十多年的经验。近几年来,我国北方城市的集中供热有较快的发展。其中多数是结合电厂改造实行低温循环水集中供热,取得了显著的节能效果和综合社会效益。
The use of outdated medium and low-pressure condensing steam turbines instead of heating units in winter (including drilling and low-vacuum operation) is an effective measure to save energy and reduce air pollution in cities. In foreign countries, the Soviet Union and the United States also agreed that under conditions, the conversion of condensing heat units is a more economical method. Since 1958, the Soviet Union has converted about 350 sets of condensing steam turbines below 100,000 to the heating units. Since 1971 in our country, Changchun No. 1 Automobile Factory has put 31 to 12 units in operation in the low vacuum every winter, and has accumulated more than 10 years of experience. In recent years, there has been rapid development of central heating in northern cities in China. Most of these are combined with the transformation of power plants to implement low-temperature circulating water central heating, and have achieved significant energy-saving effects and comprehensive social benefits.