陈望道先生《修辞学发凡》和周秉钧先生《古汉语纲要》将借代修辞格归为“旁代”和“对代”两大类,每—大类又分为四个小类。本文把中学文言教材中一部分借代辞格汇集起来,大致按上述的方法分类,并作简要释解,就正于读者。一旁代借某事物所伴随的、或附属的事物名称来代替某事标叫作旁代。 (一)用事物的特征或标记相代。①清荣峻茂,良多趣味。(哪道元《三峡》)清代水,荣代树,峻代山,茂代草,均借特征代。②香与浸毕力平险。 Mr. Chen Wangdao’s “Rhetoric” and Mr. Zhou Bingjun’s Old Chinese Outline classify the borrowers’ rhetorical characters into two major categories, “next generation” and “modern”, each of which is divided into four subcategories . In this paper, a part of secondary school classical Chinese textual materials are collected together, roughly classified according to the above method, and made a brief explanation, just as readers. To substitute for something by the name of something affixed to it or as a by-product is called a substitute. (A) with the characteristics of the thing or tagged generation. ① Chunrong Jun Mao, a lot of fun. (Which Yuan “Three Gorges”) Qing Dynasty water, Rong behalf of the tree, Jun generation on behalf of the mountain, Mao grass, are by the characteristics of generation. ② incense and dip Bi Li Ping insurance.