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目的探讨中小强度健美操锻炼对女大学生身体自尊、心境及心理健康的影响,为提高大学生心理健康水平提供依据。方法用中小强度健美操锻炼对试验组被试连续干预10周,分为小强度试验组和中等强度试验组;对照组试验期间不参加体育锻炼。用身体自尊量表(PSPP)、心境量表(POMS)、心理症状自评量表(SCL-90)分别测量试验前后3组被试身体自尊、心境及其心理健康水平。结果中强度被试身体吸引力和小强度被试身体价值感、强迫症状、人际关系和TMD(PMOS指数)试验前后差异有统计学意义。多重比较结果表明,小强度组被试愤怒、抑郁、人际关系得分显著低于中强度组及对照组;中强度组疲劳得分显著低于小强度组及对照组;中小强度组被试TMD、强迫症状、总均分得分显著低于对照组。结论体育锻炼既能直接影响心理健康,又能通过影响身体自尊、心境间接地影响心理健康。
Objective To explore the effect of aerobic exercise on physical self-esteem, mood and mental health of female college students, and to provide basis for improving mental health of college students. Methods The exercise of small and medium-sized aerobic exercise on the experimental group subjects for 10 consecutive interventions, divided into small-intensity test group and medium-intensity test group; control group did not participate in the physical activity during the test. PSPP, POMS and SCL-90 were used to measure body self-esteem, mood and mental health of the three groups before and after the test. Results There was significant difference in body value, obsessive-compulsive disorder, interpersonal relationship and TMD (PMOS index) between subjects with moderate intensity and those with low intensity. The results of multiple comparisons showed that the scores of anger, depression and interpersonal relationship in the low-intensity group were significantly lower than those in the middle-intensity group and the control group. The fatigue scores of the middle-intensity group were significantly lower than those in the low-intensity group and the control group. Symptoms, the total average score was significantly lower than the control group. Conclusion Physical exercise can not only affect mental health directly, but also affect mental health indirectly by affecting physical self-esteem.