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论文分别采用我国目前采暖标准和欧美国家的较高采暖标准,对我国严寒和寒冷地区8个城市的采暖耗能及相应的温室气体排放强度与欧美国家同纬度地区进行了对比。结果表明,中国季风气候的特点使严寒和寒冷地区冬季较世界同纬度地区更为寒冷而漫长,居民基本的生存采暖耗能需求高于世界同纬度地区。无论采用中国、德国、美国哪一种采暖标准,中国严寒和寒冷地区采暖强度远高于同纬度的欧美城市,有的城市要高于同纬度欧美城市1倍以上;目前中国严寒和寒冷地区的采暖标准属于维持基本生存必需的较低标准,中国要达到与欧美相同的热舒适水平必然比其他国家增加更多的采暖消耗;即使像目前这样,中国采取较低的采暖标准,而欧美国家采用较舒适的德国或美国标准,中国8个城市中有5～6个城市的采暖强度仍明显高于同纬度欧美城市。
The paper uses the current heating standard in our country and the higher heating standard in Europe and the United States respectively, and compares the heating energy consumption and corresponding greenhouse gas emission intensity in 8 cities in cold and cold areas in China with the same latitudes in Europe and the United States. The results show that the characteristics of the monsoon climate in China make the winter in cold and cold regions colder and longer than the same latitude in the world, and the residents’ basic living energy needs for heating are higher than those in the same latitude of the world. Regardless of which heating standard is adopted in China, Germany and the United States, the heating intensity in cold and cold areas in China is much higher than that in European and American cities at the same latitude. Some cities are more than twice as large as the European and American cities at the same latitude. At present, China’s cold and cold areas The heating standard is a lower standard required to maintain basic survival. To achieve the same level of thermal comfort as that of Europe and the United States, China must increase heating consumption more than other countries. Even if China adopts a lower heating standard like the present, China and the United States adopt More comfortable German or American standards, China’s 8 cities in 5 to 6 cities in the heating intensity is still significantly higher than the same latitudes in Europe and the United States cities.