论文部分内容阅读
过敏反应第1～3代头孢菌素都可能致皮疹。第三代头孢菌素可引起 IgE 介导的过敏反应,但发生率极低。头孢噻肟可安全地用于对青霉素过敏的大多数脑膜炎病人。现尚无令人信服的研究证明,头孢噻肟等可常规地用于对青霉素有Ⅰ型过敏反应的病人。头孢噻肟皮疹、发热或迟发性荨麻疹的发生率为2％～3％。胃肠道紊乱所有头孢菌素都可引起伪膜性肠炎。头孢菌素腹泻发生率与胆汁中的排泄量有关,胆汁中排泄多则肠中浓度高,因而易改变肠道菌丛。头孢噻肟和头孢唑肟的胆汁排泄仅占5％,因而腹泻发生率很低(1.2％);
Allergic reactions 1st to 3rd generation cephalosporins may cause rash. Third-generation cephalosporins can cause IgE-mediated allergic reactions, but the incidence is very low. Cefotaxime is safe for most meningitis patients who are allergic to penicillin. There is no convincing evidence that cefotaxime and the like can be routinely used in patients with type I allergic reactions to penicillin. Cefotaxime rash, fever or tardive urticaria incidence of 2% to 3%. Gastrointestinal disorders All cephalosporins can cause pseudomembranous colitis. The incidence of cephalosporin diarrhea and bile excretion, bile excretion of more concentration in the intestine, which is easy to change intestinal flora. Bile excretion of cefotaxime and ceftizoxime only accounted for 5%, and the incidence of diarrhea was very low (1.2%).