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“V不了”是现代汉语中使用频率较高的情态格式,它可以表达动力情态[-能力]和认识情态[-可能]。它表达认识情态有一定的句法要求。V为形容词或静态动词、非自主动词,V表达消极事件,所在句子的主语有“无生”特征时,“V不了”有表达认识情态的倾向。但是,在这些句法环境中,句子表达的事件如果带有[意愿]特征,则“V不了”仍有可能表达动力情态,所以,关键之处在于,“V不了”要表达认识情态,“V不了”中的V表达的事件要有非意愿特征。
“V can not ” is a more frequently used modality in modern Chinese that expresses motivation modality [ability] and modality [- possibility]. It has some syntactical requirements to express epistemic modality. When V is an adjective or a static verb, an involuntary verb, V expresses a negative event and the subject of the sentence has a feature of “no life ”, “V can not ” has a tendency to express the understanding of modality. However, in these syntactic environments, it is still possible to express the motivation modality if the sentence-expressing event has the [Willingness] feature, so the key point is that “V can not ” To express understanding Modality, “V can not ” in the V expression of the event have non-intentional characteristics.