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目的调查江苏省某女子强制隔离戒毒所一起麻疹暴发疫情,查明暴发原因和感染来源,探讨控制疫情的有效措施,为麻疹防控工作提出针对性建议,预防类似疫情再次发生。方法根据《江苏省麻疹监测方案》制定病例定义,通过门诊日志主动搜索,对搜索到的病例个案调查,采集病例标本进行血清学和病原学检测,采用描述流行病学方法分析资料。结果 2015年3月江苏省某女子强制隔离戒毒所内共报告麻疹病例12例,均为六大队人员,罹患率为0.87%(12/1 380);主要临床症状为发热和皮疹;病例从发热到出疹平均时间为2.42 d,1~2 d占58.33%;病例分布在7间监舍,首发病例所在的309室监舍病例数最多(6例、罹患率60.00%);12例病人麻疹Ig M抗体和病毒核酸检测均为阳性;开展应急接种1 320人,接种率95.65%。结论本起疫情为一起麻疹暴发疫情,派驻的厂方人员作为传染源的可能性极大;综合防控是麻疹暴发疫情处置的重点,及早开展应急接种是处置麻疹暴发疫情的重要措施。
Objective To investigate an outbreak of measles outbreak in a woman forced isolation and drug treatment center in Jiangsu Province and to find out the causes of the outbreak and the source of infection and to explore effective measures to control the outbreak and make targeted recommendations for the prevention and control of measles so as to prevent the recurrence of similar outbreaks. Methods Based on the case definition of “Jiangsu Provincial Measles Surveillance Program”, through the active search of outpatient diaries, the cases of the cases were investigated, and the serological and etiological samples were collected and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data. Results In March 2015, a total of 12 measles cases were reported from a female forced isolation and rehab center in Jiangsu Province, all of which were in the Six Battalion. The attack rate was 0.87% (12/1 380). The main clinical symptoms were fever and rash. The average time for rash was 2.42 days, accounting for 58.33% in 1 ~ 2 days. The cases were distributed in 7 dormitory buildings, with the highest number of dormitory cases in room 309 (6 cases, attack rate 60.00%) in the first case. The measles Ig M antibody and virus nucleic acid test were positive; emergency vaccination to 1 320 people, the inoculation rate of 95.65%. Conclusions The outbreak was an outbreak of measles. It is highly likely that the dispatched plant personnel will be the source of infection. Comprehensive prevention and control is the key point of the measles outbreak. Early vaccination is an important measure to deal with the outbreak of measles.