破天荒:宋代孙光宪《北梦琐言》中说,唐代科举制度规定,凡是考进士的人都由地方解送如京。当时湖北荆州南部地区连续四五十年竟然没有一个考中进士的。于是人们称荆南地区为“天荒”,意思是混沌未开的原始状态,或是荒远落后地区,讥笑那里几十年没能考上一个进士。宣宗大中四年,荆南应试的考生中终于有个叫刘蜕的人考 In the early days of the Song Dynasty, Song Guangxian’s “Bei Meng San Su Yan” stated that the imperial examination system in the Tang Dynasty provided that all those who passed the examination were sent to Beijing by local authorities. At the time, in the southern part of Jingzhou, Hubei Province, there was not even one candidate for the examination for four to fifty years. So people called the Jingnan region a “temporary desert,” which means that the chaos was not in its original state, or it was a deserted area, and it was ridiculed that it failed to qualify for a cadet for decades. During the four years of Xuanzong’s middle and senior middle school, Jing Nan’s candidates finally had a test called Liu Ye’s test.