自从1946年美国第一部电子计算机问世以来,短短的三十几年,电子计算机已经由电子管(第一代)——晶体管(第二代)——集成电路(第三代),发展到自身也可以做成一块集成电路片,仅仅象擦图橡皮那样大小的微型计算机。因此,与它们密切相关的土建工程,随着技术发展、设备更新、作法特殊,变得愈来愈复杂,要求也愈来愈高。 Since the first electronic computer in the United States in 1946, for a short period of 30 years, electronic computers have evolved from electronic tubes (first generation) to transistors (second generation) to integrated circuits (third generation). It can also be made into an integrated circuit chip, just like a miniature computer like a wiper eraser. Therefore, the civil engineering projects that are closely related to them have become more and more complex with the development of technology, equipment renewal, and special practices. The requirements are getting higher and higher.