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目的检测食管癌前病变组织、食管鳞癌组织及癌旁正常食管鳞状上皮中叉头蛋白M1(FOXM1)的表达水平,探讨FOXM1蛋白表达水平与患者临床病理特征的相关性。方法收集60例食管癌前病变组织(包括低级别瘤变和高级别瘤变各30例)和115例食管鳞状细胞癌及配对的癌旁组织标本,所有病例均经病理证实,同时收集患者的临床资料。采用免疫组化的方法检测组织中FOXM1的表达情况。结果 FOXM1蛋白主要表达于肿瘤细胞及癌前病变细胞中,在细胞浆与细胞核中均有表达。FOXM1在食管低级别瘤变、高级别瘤变和食管鳞癌组织中的高表达率分别为26.7%(8/30)、57.7%(17/30)和60.0%(69/115),而在配对癌旁组织中呈低表达或无表达。FOXM1异常表达率增高与食管鳞状细胞癌患者的肿瘤大小、肿瘤浸润深度及肿瘤TNM分期存在显著相关性(分别为P<0.001,P<0.001和P=0.032),而与患者的性别、年龄、肿瘤细胞分化程度、淋巴结转移等无明显相关性(P>0.05)。结论 FOXM1在食管鳞状上皮癌前病变阶段即出现表达升高,且随着食管鳞状上皮癌变的发生发展表达逐渐升高。FOXM1的异常表达与食管鳞癌患者的肿瘤大小、浸润深度及肿瘤TNM分期存在显著相关性。
Objective To detect the expression of FOXM1 in esophageal precancerous lesions, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and adjacent normal esophageal squamous epithelium, and to investigate the correlation between FOXM1 protein expression and clinicopathological features. Methods Sixty esophageal precancerous lesions (including 30 cases of low-grade neoplasia and high-grade neoplasia) and 115 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and paired paracancerous tissues were collected. All the cases were confirmed by pathology and patients The clinical data. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of FOXM1 in the tissue. Results The FOXM1 protein was mainly expressed in tumor cells and precancerous lesions, and was expressed in cytoplasm and nucleus. The high expression rates of FOXM1 in low-grade esophageal tumor, high-grade neoplasia and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were 26.7% (8/30), 57.7% (17/30) and 60.0% (69/115) Paired para-cancer tissue was low or no expression. The abnormal expression rate of FOXM1 was significantly correlated with tumor size, depth of tumor invasion and tumor TNM stage in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (P <0.001, P <0.001 and P = 0.032, respectively) , Tumor cell differentiation, lymph node metastasis and other no significant correlation (P> 0.05). Conclusion The expression of FOXM1 in the stage of esophageal squamous cell carcinogenesis is increased, and it gradually increases with the occurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinogenesis. The abnormal expression of FOXM1 was associated with tumor size, depth of invasion and tumor TNM staging in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.