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目的了解广州市白云区人间布鲁氏菌病流行规律及分布情况,为今后制定防制策略提供科学依据。方法按照卫生部《全国人间布鲁氏菌病监测方案》要求开展工作,对全区监测点内7～60岁与牲畜或畜产品有接触的职业人群进行连续监测。结果 2009～2012年共监测职业人群6 053人,采集血标本1 051份,阳性64份,阳性率为6.09%,结果显著高于2008～2010年广州市人间布病总的主动监测阳性率3.40%(P<0.01),其中2009～2011年,职业人群感染率有逐年上升的趋势(P<0.01);受感染职业人群几乎均与羊有明确接触史,在职业分布上,以运输类职业从业人员感染率最高(15.56%),其次为销售人员(12.72%)、挤奶工(11.11%),不同职业人群的布病监测感染率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);男性与女性的阳性率分别为7.23%与2.41%(P<0.01),而不同年龄组间监测阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论广州市白云区人间布鲁氏菌病疫情上升趋势明显,规范大型养殖场及交易市场管理、加强从业人员个人卫生防护是控制布病发生流行的关键措施。
Objective To understand the prevalence and distribution of human brucellosis in Baiyun District of Guangzhou City and to provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies in the future. Methods According to the Ministry of Health ’s “National Human Brucellosis Surveillance Program” requirements, the occupational population in contact with livestock or livestock products at the age of 7 to 60 years in the monitoring points in the region was continuously monitored. Results From 2009 to 2012, a total of 6 053 occupational populations were monitored. A total of 1,051 blood samples were collected, with 64 positives, the positive rate was 6.09%. The positive rate was 3.40% of the total active surveillance of human brucellosis in Guangzhou from 2008 to 2010 % (P <0.01). The infection rate of occupational groups tended to increase year by year from 2009 to 2011 (P <0.01). Almost all infected occupational groups had a clear history of exposure to sheep. In terms of occupational distribution, occupational groups The infection rate of practitioners was highest (15.56%), followed by sales staff (12.72%) and milking workers (11.11%). The infection rates of brucellosis surveillance among different occupational groups were statistically significant (P <0.01) (7.23% vs 2.41%, P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the positive rates of surveillance between different age groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion The epidemic situation of human brucellosis in Baiyun District of Guangzhou City is obviously rising. It is a key measure to control the prevalence of brucellosis by standardizing the management of large farms and trading markets and strengthening the personal hygiene protection of employees.