诺贝尔文学奖迄今已有一百多年的历史。当你的目光掠过长长的获奖作家名单,从一九零一年的苏利·普吕多姆到二零零二年的伊姆莱·凯尔泰斯,会发现那儿有许多陌生的名字,而你期望发现的一些名字却付之阙如,如托尔斯泰、易卜生、左拉、契诃夫、瓦莱里、乔伊斯等人。在绝大多数观察者的眼里,瑞典学院在挑选“合适”的获奖者方面在某一时期内令人称道,而在另外一段时期里则让人失望。在不同的时期里, The Nobel Prize for literature has been more than a hundred years old. As you look beyond the long list of award winning authors, from Sully Prulduch in 1901 to Imlay Kertes in 2002, you will find there are many unfamiliar Names, and some of the names you expect to find, are missing, such as Tolstoy, Ibsen, Zola, Chekhov, Valery, Joyce and others. For the vast majority of observers, the Swedish Academy is commendable for picking the “right” winners for some time, while disappointing for another. In different periods,