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了解宁波市鄞州区2006-2015年5岁以下儿童死亡率、主要死亡原因及动态变化,探讨相关因素。分析2006-2015年,宁波市鄞州区5岁以下儿童死亡监测资料。结果显示,2006-2015年,宁波市鄞州区5岁以下儿童活产数131 485例,死亡796例,死亡率6.05‰。5岁以下儿童死亡以婴儿为主,占65.70%(523/796),其中新生儿死亡占婴儿死亡的69.79%(365/523)。本地户口5岁以下儿童死因顺位前三位为意外伤害、先天畸形、早产/低出生体质量。非本地户口5岁以下儿童死因顺位意外伤害居首位。降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键是降低新生儿死亡率。预防意外伤害,降低早产儿/低出生体质量的发生,提高新生儿(尤其早产儿)窒息抢救水平,降低先天畸形发生率,是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键。
To understand the death rate, major causes of death and dynamic changes of children under 5 years of age in Ningbo Yinzhou District from 2006 to 2015 and explore the related factors. Analysis of death monitoring data for children under 5 years old in Yinzhou District of Ningbo City from 2006 to 2015. The results showed that from 2006 to 2015, 131 485 live births, 796 deaths and 6.05 deaths were recorded in the children under the age of five in Ningbo Yinzhou District. Infants under 5 years of age are predominantly infants, accounting for 65.70% (523/796) of them, of whom neonatal deaths account for 69.79% (365/523) of infant deaths. The top three local causes of death for children under 5 years of age are accidental injuries, congenital malformations, premature birth / low birth weight. Non-local accounts of children under the age of 5 cause of death ranked first in accidental injuries. The key to reducing the under-five mortality rate is to reduce neonatal mortality. Preventing accidental injuries, reducing the incidence of preterm birth / low birth weight, raising the level of asphyxia in neonates (especially in premature infants) and reducing the incidence of congenital malformations are the keys to reducing the mortality of children under 5 years of age.