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数学是人类的一种文化,它的内容、思想、方法和语言是现代文明的重要组成部分。数学思想和方法在数学教育中的作用越来越受到重视,我国的《课标》中已经把传统双基修订为四基,即基础知识、基本技能、基本活动经验和基本数学思想方法。然而大多数的初中数学教师只注重对学生知识与技能的培养,对学生数学思想方法的培养严重不足。从数学史的角度在教学中渗透数学思想方法,从本质上介绍它的产生和发展,有利于初中学生数学思想方法的掌握,数学能力的形成,还有利于初中学生学习兴趣的激发、数学精神的培养。因此,本文介绍了初中数学应该掌握的数学思想方法以及它们可以结合的数学史知识,并对如何通过数学史教育渗透数学思想方法给出了一些建议。
Mathematics is a kind of human culture, its content, thought, method and language are important parts of modern civilization. The role of mathematical ideas and methods in mathematics education is getting more and more attention. In our country, “curriculum standard” has been revised from the traditional double base into four bases, namely, basic knowledge, basic skills, experience of basic activities and basic mathematical thinking methods. However, most junior middle school math teachers focus only on the training of students ’knowledge and skills, and they have a serious shortage of students’ mathematical thinking and methods. From the perspective of mathematical history, we can infiltrate the idea of mathematics in teaching, introduce its emergence and development in essence, which is good for junior high school students to grasp the mathematical thinking method, the formation of mathematics ability, and stimulate junior high school students’ interest in learning. Culture. Therefore, this article introduces the mathematics thinking methods that junior middle school mathematics should master and the knowledge of mathematical history that they can combine, and gives some suggestions on how to infiltrate the mathematical thinking method through the history education of mathematics.