强烈化疗方案已在恶性肿瘤患者中广泛应用,但与化疗药物相关的并发症亦日渐增多。作者分析了22例化疗后发生中性粒细胞减少性小肠结肠炎的患者。患者经保守治疗或手术治疗后生存30天以上者定为“存活”,白细胞数低于1000/μl 者为白细胞减少。结果:20/22例患有恶性血液病;21/22例接受细胞毒药物化疗。大多数患者在腹痛发作前一周以上有白细胞减少。在此期间,所有患者的中性粒细胞绝对计数曾一度低于500/μl,多数患者合并发热,需采用广谱抗生素治疗。腹痛呈弥漫性且伴有腹胀,仅有 Intense chemotherapy has been widely used in patients with malignant tumors, but chemotherapy-related complications are also increasing. The authors analyzed 22 patients who developed neutropenic enterocolitis after chemotherapy. Patients who survived for more than 30 days after conservative treatment or surgery were classified as “survivors” and had leukopenia when the number of leukocytes was less than 1000 / μl. Results: 20/22 patients had hematologic malignancies and 21/22 patients received cytotoxic chemotherapy. Most patients have leukopenia more than one week prior to the onset of abdominal pain. During this period, all patients had an absolute neutrophil count of less than 500 / μl at one time, and most had combined fever with broad-spectrum antibiotics. Abdominal pain was diffuse and accompanied by bloating, only