为了解河南省神经管畸形发生现状，对全省范围内抽取的５７ 所医院１９９６ ～１９９７ 年出生缺陷监测结果中有关神经管畸形资料进行分析。结果表明： 出生缺陷总发生率为１０２５８／ 万。其中，神经管畸形发生率位居首位，为３６８０／ 万，占总缺陷数的３６ ％ ；发生率农村高于城市，女婴高于男婴；１９９７ 年神经管畸形发生率较１９９６ 年有所上升，以农村地区上升幅度显著。发生神经管缺陷的围产儿死亡率高达８９５ ‰，为围产儿总死亡率的４６ 倍 In order to understand the current status of neural tube defects in Henan Province, data on neural tube defects in the monitoring results of birth defects from 1996 to 1997 in 57 hospitals across the province were analyzed. The results showed that: The total incidence of birth defects was 10258/10,000. Among them, the incidence of neural tube defects ranked first, which was 3680/10,000, accounting for 36% of the total number of defects; the incidence rate was higher in rural areas than in urban areas, and that of baby girls was higher than that of male infants; the incidence of neural tube defects was higher in 1997 than in 1996. It has risen to a significant extent in rural areas. The perinatal mortality rate of neural tube defects is as high as 895 ‰, which is 46 times the total perinatal mortality rate