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目的通过对农村地区蒙、汉两族成年人群缺血性卒中的流行病学特征和相关危险因素的调查,为缺血性卒中防治提供依据。方法制定统一的调查问卷,按标准化调查方法,由培训过的医师进行入户询问、血压测量及资料收集。采用随机分层整群抽样的方法,对辽宁省阜新农村地区的7个乡镇≥35岁30214名农村常驻(≥5年)成年人进行性别、民族、高血压、心脑血管疾病史、吸烟、嗜酒及饮食情况等方面调查。结果辽宁省农村蒙族居民缺血性卒中患病率为2·36%,标化率为2·48%;汉族为1·73%,标化率1·78%。随着年龄或高血压级数的增高,卒中患病率呈明显的增高趋势。多因素Logistic逐步回归显示年龄、性别、高血压及高血压家族史等因素是蒙、汉两族患病的相同危险因素,同时文化水平对汉族居民卒中的患病率也产生一定的影响。其中高血压人群患卒中的危险性是非高血压人群的5~8倍。结论辽宁省阜新农村蒙族居民患病率高于汉族居民,可能与其生活方式、遗传因素等有关。高血压患者对自己的保护意识较弱。应提高农村居民对高血压等危险因素和相关知识的认识,以减少卒中的患病率。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and related risk factors of ischemic stroke in the adult population of Mongolian and Han nationality in rural areas and provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke. Methods To establish a unified questionnaire, according to standardized survey methods, conducted by the trained physicians home interrogation, blood pressure measurement and data collection. A random stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate the gender, ethnicity, hypertension, history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in 30 townships aged more than 35 years and 30214 in rural China (≥ 5 years) in Fuxin rural areas of Liaoning Province, , Alcohol and diet and other aspects of the investigation. Results The prevalence of ischemic stroke was 2.36% in Mongolian residents in Liaoning Province, with a standardized rate of 2.48%. Han population was 1.73% and standardized rate was 1.78%. The prevalence of stroke increased significantly with age or the progression of hypertension. Multi-factor Logistic stepwise regression showed that age, gender, hypertension and family history of hypertension were the same risk factors of Mongolian and Han nationality, meanwhile cultural level had a certain impact on the prevalence of stroke in Han nationality. The risk of stroke in hypertensive population is 5 to 8 times of the non-hypertensive population. Conclusion The prevalence of Mongolian residents in Fuxin rural areas of Liaoning Province is higher than that of Han residents, which may be related to their lifestyle and genetic factors. Hypertensive patients are less aware of their own protection. Rural residents should be raised awareness of risk factors such as hypertension and related knowledge to reduce the prevalence of stroke.