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五、防射线混凝土一般混凝土对α,β射线均有防御能力;对于较强的X,γ射线,只有高密度的混凝土才具有较好的防御能力;防御中子以含有氢原子的水最为有效,中子与水作用产生强烈的射线,因此,防御中子的混凝土不仅要含大量的氢原子以吸收中子,而且还要有较高的密度。防射线混凝土属于特重混凝土范围。一般容重为3000～45000千克/立方米,其防射线能力随着容重的增加而提高。防射线混凝土的水泥要求胶凝性能好、水化热低、耐热性能好、水化时结合水量高。通常采用普通硅酸盐水泥,最好采用矾土水泥、钡水泥。骨料采用容重大的矿石。当矿石的比重小,完全用矿石配不出所要求重量的混凝土时,可掺入一定数量的铁块,但严禁使用有油渍的铁块。
5. ray-concreting concrete generally has defensive ability against α and β rays; for strong X and γ rays, only high-density concrete has better defensive ability; defense of neutrons is most effective for water containing hydrogen atoms. Neutrons and water produce strong radiation. Therefore, neutron-proof concrete not only contains large amounts of hydrogen atoms to absorb neutrons, but also has higher density. Ray-control concrete belongs to the range of heavy concrete. The general bulk density is 3000 to 45000 kg/m3, and its anti-radiation ability increases as the bulk density increases. Ray-proof concrete cement requires good gelling performance, low heat of hydration, good heat resistance, and high combined water content when hydrating. Ordinary portland cement is usually used, and alumina cement and concrete are preferably used. The aggregate uses a heavy ore. When the proportion of ore is small and concrete is not used to match the required weight of concrete, a certain amount of iron can be incorporated, but it is forbidden to use greased iron.