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学者们从财政分权、地方政府的激励和竞争角度很好地解释了中国向市场化过渡过程中经济保持的持续、高速增长。但是中国经济高速增长的另一特征是随着改革开放和财政分权,地区间差距逐渐扩大。考察中央政府、地方政府、区域微观主体三方在我国制度变迁中的目标追求、约束条件以及不同作为,结论为:由于三类主体的不同目标和偏好组合构成了区域的不同发展路径,并因此导致了中国区域经济发展差距的扩大。
Scholars well explain the sustained and rapid growth of the economy in the process of China’s transition to marketization from the perspective of fiscal decentralization and incentives and competition of local governments. However, another feature of China’s rapid economic growth is that with the reform and opening up and fiscal decentralization, the gap between regions has gradually expanded. This paper examines the goals, constraints and different behaviors of the central government, local governments and regional micro-entities in their institutional changes. The conclusion is that the different objectives and preferences of the three types of actors constitute different development paths in the region and thus lead to China’s regional economic development to expand the gap.