人口是“全部社会生产行为的基础和主体”。人口管理问题历来是封建政治家和思想家十分重视的问题之一。早在先秦时期,代表新兴地主阶级利益的杰出政治家商鞅,就开始注意对社会人口的管理。商鞅所处的战国时代,是我国封建统一国家建立前夕之大动荡、大分化的时期。这一时期诸侯纷争,列国林立,奴隶制残余与新生的封建制度的斗争还相当激烈。处于诸强争雄局势中的秦国,为了尽快摆脱其落后状况并跻身于诸强之林,急需要整顿国政,于是秦孝公即位后便下令招贤。“少好刑名之学”的商鞅,就是在这时带着李悝的《法经》来到秦国,并在 Population is the “basis and main body of all social productive activities.” The issue of population management has always been one of the issues that the feudal statesmen and thinkers attach great importance to. As early as the Qin dynasty, Shang Yang, an outstanding statesman who represented the interests of the emerging landlord class, began to pay attention to the management of the social population. The Warring States Period where Shang Yang was located was a period of great turbulence and great division on the eve of the founding of our country's feudal unified state. During this period vassal disputes, the numerous nationalities, the remnants of slavery and the feudal system of newborn struggle is still quite fierce. Qin State, which is in a great battle for power, has to urgently recruit its countrymen in order to extricate itself from its backwardness and rank among the strongholds as soon as possible and urgently need to rectify the state affairs. Shang Yang, who studied “Lesson of Jurisprudence,” came to Qin at that time with the Li Fa's Canon of Law