从1949年10月1日到现在,伟大的中华人民共和国已经度过了40个春秋。在这40年中,祖国的面貌发生了巨大而深刻的变化。为了在中国这样落后的东方大国中建设社会主义,我们党领导全国人民作过艰辛的探索和努力,取得了辉煌成就,但也经历了种种曲折和风波,付出了巨大代价。因此,研究这段历史,对于总结已取得的成就和经验教训, From October 1, 1949 to the present, the great People’s Republic of China has spent 40 years in the Spring and Autumn. During these 40 years, the great and profound changes have taken place in the motherland. In order to build socialism in such a backward large country as China, our party led the people throughout the country in its arduous exploration and efforts and achieved brilliant achievements. However, it has also experienced various twists and turns and has paid a huge price. Therefore, the study of this period of history can not help to summarize the achievements and lessons learned,