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以模型植物为试验材料,分析了在模拟生态沟渠中当布设位置(沟壁和沟底)、生理特征(高度和叶片形状)和布设密度变化时植物对水流的影响。结果表明:沟底和沟壁同时布设植物时阻水作用最显著,沟底植物是其主要影响因素;植物布设密度越大阻水作用越强,水葫芦型叶片的阻水作用大于水草型叶片,植物高度越高阻水作用越强;极差分析和方差分析结果表明:植物布设密度的阻水作用最显著,叶片形状次之,植物高度最小。本研究结果为生态沟渠中植物种类选择和空间布设提供了参考依据。
Taking the model plant as test material, the influence of plant on water flow in the simulated ecological ditch was analyzed when the layout location (ditch wall and ditch bottom), physiological characteristics (height and leaf shape) and layout density changed. The results showed that the water-blocking effect was the most significant when the plants were dug at the ditch floor and the ditch wall, and the ditch plant was the main influential factor. The greater the planting density was, the stronger the water blocking effect was. The water-blocking effect of water hyacinth leaves was greater than that of aquatic leaves The higher the plant height, the stronger the water blocking effect. The analysis of range and variance showed that the density of plant was the most significant in blocking water, followed by the leaf shape and the lowest plant height. The results of this study provide a reference for plant species selection and spatial distribution in ecological ditches.