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农业生态系统是一种人工-自然复合生态系统,人类行为和管理决策干扰生态系统服务的供给和需求,生态系统服务之间的关系也随之发生变化.以西安市农业生态系统为研究对象,测算了农产品供给、固碳、水源涵养、净化环境及文化娱乐5项生态系统服务价值,分析农业生态系统服务总价值的空间差异,并根据景观特点和农业生态系统服务价值将研究区划分为3个区,探索不同分区生态系统服务功能之间的相互关系,并提出了西安市的生态系统管理对策.结果表明:研究区提供的农业生态系统服务总价值为590×10~8元.从生态系统服务大分类来看,调节服务>供给服务>文化服务.各区县农业生态系统服务功能价值差别较大.1999-2013年,西安市供给服务上升,调节服务和支持服务下降.西安市农业生态系统服务功能价值大致呈现由市中心向边缘区逐渐加强的趋势.在不同的农业区域生态系统中,生态系统服务内部各功能之间的相关性差异较大.在耕区、园区、林区生态系统中,农产品提供与固碳、水源涵养、净化环境、文化休闲服务之间的相关性差异大,而调节服务与文化服务以及调节服务各功能之间的相关关系均呈现显著正相关.为了维护城市生态系统的稳定,应该调整城市绿地景观格局,构建“绿色斑块、绿色廊道、湿地、农田”镶嵌共存的绿地生态系统;在发展农区、园区生态产业过程中,应当调整农业产业结构,选择经济效益与生态效益兼顾的作物品种和植被类型.
Agro-ecosystem is an artificial-natural compound ecosystem, and human behavior and management decisions interfere with the supply and demand of ecosystem services, and the relationship between ecosystem services also changes.With the study of agro-ecosystem in Xi’an, The value of five ecosystem services including supply of agricultural products, carbon sequestration, water conservation, clean-up environment and culture and entertainment were calculated and spatial differences of total value of agro-ecosystem services were analyzed. According to the landscape characteristics and agro-ecosystem service value, the study area was divided into 3 The results show that the total value of agroecosystem services provided by the research area is 590 × 10 ~ 8 Yuan. From the perspective of ecological system, the ecosystem services of different districts are explored, According to the classification of system service, the service value of agricultural ecosystem varies greatly among different districts and counties, and the supply service of Xi’an is increased, while the adjustment of service and supporting service are decreased from 1999 to 2013. Xi’an Agricultural Ecology The value of system service function generally shows a trend of gradually strengthening from downtown to fringe area.In different agriculture In the ecosystem of ecosystem services, there is a great difference between the various functions of ecosystem services.In the farming areas, parks and forest ecosystems, between the supply of agricultural products and carbon sequestration, water conservation, clean environment and cultural and leisure services There is a significant correlation between service and cultural services as well as adjusting service functions.For the sake of maintaining the stability of urban ecosystem, the landscape pattern of urban greenbelt should be adjusted to build "green patch, green Corridors, wetlands and farmlands. In the course of developing ecological industries in rural areas and parks, the industrial structure of agriculture should be readjusted and crop varieties and vegetation types with both economic and ecological benefits should be selected.