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數字是用來記數的符號,又叫數碼。~([1])在我國原始社會晚期已有數字出現的迹象,1954年至1957年陝西西安半坡遺址出土的陶器,1972年至1974年間陝西臨潼姜寨遺址出土的陶器及1974年至1978年的青海樂縣柳灣墓地出土的陶器上都出現了許多刻劃符號,其中有些被認爲是數字符號。~([2])而被視爲夏文化遺址的距今3 500年以上的河南偃師二里頭遺址,已出現刻劃十分規整的數字符號Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅹ、Ⅴ等。殷商甲骨中已經出現完整的數字體系,如《甲骨文合集》第二册所載3418號甲骨上,
Numbers are used to count the symbols, also known as digital. There are already some signs of the late primitive society in our country. From 1954 to 1957, the pottery unearthed from the Banpo Site in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, the pottery unearthed from the Jiangzhai site in Lintong from 1972 to 1974 and the pottery from 1974 to 1978 Many of the pottery unearthed in the Liuwan cemetery of the Qinghai Le County in Qing Dynasty all appeared a number of scored symbols, some of which were considered as digital symbols. (2) The Erlitou Site in Yanshi, Henan Province, which is considered to be a summer cultural site more than 3,500 years ago, has witnessed the construction of highly regular numeral symbols Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, X and Ⅴ. There has been a complete digital system in Shang bones, such as the 3418 bones set forth in Book II of the Oracle Collection,