在示波器、电视显象管中都需要使电子束聚焦,以便在荧光屏上形成清晰的光点,这时常采用静电透镜来达到这一目。历史上布希测量 e/m_e 用的方法与此有关,现代电子显微镜中也是利用电场来聚焦电子束的。所以,研究或设计静电透镜有助于了解电场中的一些物理现象或控铷带电粒子的运动,对科研和生产都是重要的。 In the oscilloscope and the TV display tube, the electron beam needs to be focused to form a clear light spot on the fluorescent screen, and electrostatic lenses are often used to achieve this goal. Historically, the method used by Bush to measure e/m_e is related to this. Modern electron microscopes also use electric fields to focus electron beams. Therefore, studying or designing electrostatic lenses helps to understand some of the physical phenomena in the electric field or to control the movement of charged particles, which is important for scientific research and production.