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地震波场的数值模拟技术是在已知地下介质结构和参数的情况下,利用理论计算的方法研究地震波在地下介质中的传播规律,从而合成地震记录的一种技术方法。有限差分法作为最常用的正演模拟方法之一,其基本原理是将波动方程中波场函数关于空间和时间的导数用相应差分来代替,也正是由于这种离散近似,不可避免地降低了数值模拟结果分辨率。为了有效减小数值频散造成的影响,常用的方法即是提高模型的剖分精度,采用并行计算的方法能有效提高求解效率。
The numerical simulation technique of seismic wave field is to study the propagation law of seismic waves in underground media by means of theoretical calculation under the condition of knowing the structure and parameters of underground media so as to synthesize seismic records. The finite difference method is one of the most commonly used forward modeling methods. Its basic principle is to replace the derivative of the wavefield function in the wave equation with respect to space and time by the corresponding difference. It is also due to this discrete approximation that it is inevitable to reduce Numerical simulation results of the resolution. In order to reduce the influence of numerical dispersion effectively, the commonly used method is to improve the accuracy of the model, and the parallel computing method can effectively improve the efficiency of the solution.