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西方发达国家的现代化带来了巨大的物质文明 ,同时也造成资源浪费、环境污染、生态破坏以及经济震荡、道德沧丧、精神枯萎等弊病。由此东方国家20世纪上半叶出现了反现代化的思潮 ,梁漱溟和甘地是中印两国的突出代表。在排斥现代工业文明 ,批判西方文化 ,提倡本国文化 ,主张乡村重建方面 ,他们的基本观点是一致的 ,但也存在一定的区别 ,梁不像甘那样排斥工业化 ,认为西方必将被迫接受中国文化 ,在乡村重建的经济方面主张“中道”即不排斥工业化 ,但又反对过度工业化 ,提倡分散、中小规模的工业化
The modernization of the western developed countries brought about huge material civilization, but also resulted in such problems as waste of resources, environmental pollution, ecological destruction, economic turmoil, moral courage and withering of spirit. As a result, the anti-modernization trend emerged in the first half of the 20th century in the East countries. Liang Shuming and Gandhi are prominent representatives of China and India. In rejecting modern industrial civilization, criticizing Western culture, advocating their own culture and advocating rural reconstruction, their basic views are identical, but there are also some differences. Liang does not exclude industrialization like Gan, and believes that the West will inevitably be forced to accept China Culture. In the economic aspect of rural reconstruction, it advocates that “middle road” does not exclude industrialization but opposes over-industrialization and promotes decentralized and small-scale industrialization