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铝电解炭阳极中杂质钒会加速炭阳极的氧化,增加能耗,从原料石油焦中降低钒的含量对于炭阳极质量的提高具有重要意义。本文采用碱法浸出石油焦中的钒,研究了碱浸过程中添加活性剂对石油焦中钒的浸出效果的影响。采用扫描电镜(SEM)分析了添加活性剂对浸出前后石油焦形貌的影响。考察了活性剂添加量、氢氧化钠浓度、反应时间、液固比、碳酸钠和氢氧化钠中钠原子的摩尔比对石油焦中钒浸出效果的影响。研究结果表明:加入活性剂可以大大改善钒的浸出效果。增大活性剂添加量,延长反应时间,提高氢氧化钠浓度和液固比,可以增加石油焦中钒的浸出率。浸出率最大时的工艺条件为:石油焦经40目筛子过筛、氢氧化钠150 g·L~(-1)、碳酸钠和氢氧化钠中钠原子的摩尔比1∶3、液固比(L/S)6∶1、活性剂600 mg·L~(-1)、次氯酸钠20 ml、反应温度95℃、浸出时间3 h。在浸出过程中加入活性剂后的反应机制表明:活性剂的添加降低了浸出溶液和石油焦颗粒间的表面张力、减小了浸出溶液与石油焦之间的接触角,改善了浸出环境,促进了钒的浸出。
Aluminum electrolytic carbon anode impurities vanadium will accelerate the oxidation of carbon anode, increase energy consumption, reducing the vanadium content of raw petroleum coke for the improvement of carbon anode quality is of great significance. In this paper, vanadium in petroleum coke was leached by alkali method, and the effect of adding active agent on the leaching effect of vanadium in petroleum coke was studied. The effect of adding active agent on the morphology of petroleum coke before and after leaching was analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The effects of the amount of active agent added, the concentration of sodium hydroxide, the reaction time, the liquid-solid ratio, and the molar ratio of sodium carbonate to sodium in sodium hydroxide on the leaching efficiency of vanadium in petroleum coke were investigated. The results show that adding active agent can greatly improve the leaching effect of vanadium. Increasing the amount of active agent, prolonging the reaction time, increasing the sodium hydroxide concentration and liquid-solid ratio can increase the leaching rate of vanadium in petroleum coke. When the leaching rate is the maximum, the technological conditions are as follows: the petroleum coke is sieved through a 40 mesh sieve, the sodium hydroxide is 150 g · L -1, the molar ratio of sodium carbonate to sodium atom in the sodium hydroxide is 1: 3, the liquid to solid ratio (L / S) 6:1, active agent 600 mg · L -1, sodium hypochlorite 20 ml, reaction temperature 95 ℃, leaching time 3 h. The reaction mechanism after the addition of active agent during leaching indicates that the addition of active agent reduces the surface tension between the leaching solution and petroleum coke particles, reduces the contact angle between the leaching solution and petroleum coke, improves the leaching environment, and promotes Vanadium leaching.