二、从价值出发的艰难之旅2.边际效用价值论的开拓及其缺陷面对古典经济学的上述两大理论矛盾与困惑,19世纪后半期,由奥地利和法国经济学家创建的边际经济学抛开了劳动价值论,从以下两个方面构建了全新的价值理论:第一,将价值研究的出发点由交换价值转变为使用价值——“效用” Second, from the value of the difficult journey 2. The development of marginal utility value theory and its shortcomings Facing classical economics, the two theoretical contradictions and confusion, the latter half of the 19th century, by the Austrian and French economists to create a marginal economy Studies aside from the theory of labor value, learning constructs a brand new theory of value from the following two aspects: First, the starting point of value research is changed from exchange value to use value - “utility”