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绪言以电子计算机解题作为鲜明特色的有限单元法自五十年代创立后,经过二十年来的研究与实践,目前不仅广泛用于土建、宇航、造船、原子反应堆、机器制造等结构领域,而且也很快地扩展到流体力学、热传导及电磁学等学科。和其它经典的结构分析方法相比,有限单元法的明显优点在于:原理简单,思路清晰,公式简洁,解题快速,精确度高,不管结构物的形状、支持条件、材料的组成以及载荷条件如何复杂均能适用。有限单元法于六十年代扩展到岩石力学领域,设计者第一次可以不必假定岩体是均质的及各向同性的,对于巷道或边坡的边界形状、载荷条件等也无需多加限制。特别是节理单元
The introduction of the finite element method with distinctive features of computer problems has been established since the 1950s. After 20 years of research and practice, it is currently widely used not only in civil engineering, aerospace, shipbuilding, nuclear reactors, machine manufacturing and other structural fields, but also It also quickly expanded into disciplines such as fluid mechanics, heat conduction and electromagnetism. Compared with other classical structural analysis methods, the obvious advantages of the finite element method are: simple principle, clear thinking, simple formula, fast problem solving, and high accuracy, regardless of the shape of the structure, supporting conditions, material composition, and loading conditions. How complex can be applied. The finite element method was extended to the field of rock mechanics in the 1960s. For the first time, designers can not assume that the rock mass is homogeneous and isotropic, and there is no need to limit the boundary shape or loading conditions of the roadway or slope. Especially the joint unit