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由于地球在宇宙环境中的位置变化和构成地球物质的变化等一系列宏观与微观因素的综合,由于地理环境各要素之间的相互影响、相互制约、相互联系,导致了地理事物的规律性和复杂性,这一切又给地理科的教学带来无比丰富的内容和多种多样的教学手段。其中,关于地理事物中的“同象异因”和“同因异象”就是一个明显的体现。 “同象异因”即看来相同的地理事物背后有着很不相同的形成原因。通过对这些类似的地理事物的不同成因的分析,将给学生以精细准确的思维训练和辩证唯物主义的方法论的最生动最具体的教育以下举出一些实例予以说明:①在世界地形图上,我们看到马来群岛的加里曼丹岛平原上和北亚的西西伯利亚平原上都有面积广大的沼泽地,它们
Because of the combination of the changes in the position of the Earth in the cosmic environment and the changes in the materials that make up the Earth, such as a series of macroscopic and microscopic factors, due to the mutual influence, mutual restraint, and interrelationships among the various elements of the geographical environment, the regularity of the geographical things is caused. Complexity, all this brings geography teaching with incomparable content and a variety of teaching methods. Among them, the “identical allegiance” and “the same cause” in geographical things are an obvious manifestation. There are very different reasons behind the appearance of the same thing in the same thing. Through the analysis of the different causes of these similar geographical things, students will be taught in the most vivid and specific education of the precise and accurate thinking training and the dialectical materialism methodology. Here are some examples to illustrate: 1 On the topographic map of the world, We have seen vast swamps on the plains of Kalimantan in the Malay archipelago and on the West Siberian plains of North Asia.